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Statins do not cause the majority of side effects listed in package leaflets

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Cardiovascular disease results in around 20 million deaths worldwide and causes around a quarter of all deaths in the UK. Statins are highly effective drugs that lower LDL (‘bad’) cholesterol levels and have been repeatedly proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, there have been concerns about possible side effects.

The researchers gathered data from 23 large-scale randomised studies from the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration: 123,940 participants in 19 large-scale clinical trials comparing the effects of statin therapies against a placebo (or dummy tablet), and 30,724 participants in four trials comparing more intensive versus less intensive statin therapy.

“>Video of Statins and side effects: large study finds no excess risk for most reported symptoms

They found similar numbers of reports for those taking the statins and those taking the placebo for almost all the conditions listed in package leaflets as possible side effects. For example, each year, the number of reports of cognitive or memory impairment was 0.2% in those taking the statins, but also 0.2% in those taking the placebo. This means that while people may notice these problems whilst taking statins, there is no good evidence that they are caused by the statin.

Key findings:

  • There was no statistically significant excess risk from statin therapy for almost all the conditions listed in package leaflets as potential side effects.
  • Taking a statin did not cause any meaningful excess of memory loss or dementia, depression, sleep disturbance, erectile dysfunction, weight gain, nausea, fatigue or headache, and many other conditions.
  • There was a small increase in risk (about 0.1%) for liver blood test abnormalities. However, there was no increase in liver disease such as hepatitis or liver failure, indicating that the liver blood test changes do not typically lead to more serious liver problems.

Christina Reith, Associate Professor at Oxford Population Health and lead author of the study, said: ‘Statins are life-saving drugs used by hundreds of millions of people over the past 30 years. However, concerns about the safety of statins have deterred many people who are at risk of severe disability or death from a heart attack or stroke. Our study provides reassurance that, for most people, the risk of side effects is greatly outweighed by the benefits of statins.’

Previous work by the same researchers established that most muscle symptoms are not caused by statins; statin therapy caused muscle symptoms in only 1% of people during the first year of treatment with no excess thereafter. It has also shown that statins can cause a small increase in blood sugar levels, so people already at high risk may develop diabetes sooner.

Professor Bryan Williams, Chief Scientific and Medical Officer at the British Heart Foundation, said: ‘These findings are hugely important and provide authoritative, evidence-based reassurance for patients. Statins are lifesaving drugs, which have been proven to protect against heart attacks and strokes. Among the large number of patients assessed in this well-conducted analysis, only four side effects out of 66 were found to have any association with taking statins, and only in a very small proportion of patients.

‘This evidence is a much-needed counter to the misinformation around statins and should help prevent unnecessary deaths from cardiovascular disease. Recognising which side effects might genuinely be associated with statins is also important as it will help doctors make decisions about when to use alternative treatments.’

Professor Sir Rory Collins, Emeritus Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at Oxford Population Health and senior author of the paper said: ‘Statin product labels list certain adverse health outcomes as potential treatment-related effects based mainly on information from non-randomised studies which may be subject to bias. We brought together all of the information from large randomised trials to assess the evidence reliably. Now that we know that statins do not cause the majority of side effects listed in package leaflets, statin information requires rapid revision to help patients and doctors make better-informed health decisions.’

All of the trials included in the analyses were large-scale (involving at least 1,000 participants) and tracked patient outcomes for a median of nearly five years. The trials were double-blind, meaning that neither the trial participants nor those managing the participants or leading the study knew who was receiving which treatment, to avoid potential biases due to knowledge of treatment allocation. The list of possible side effects was compiled from those listed for the five most commonly prescribed statins.

The paper, ‘Assessment of adverse effects attributed to statin therapy in product labels: a meta-analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials,’ is published in The Lancet.



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England’s bin collection and recycling rules change from today

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The bins will be for food and garden waste, paper and card, dry recyclables such as glass, metal and plastics, and general non-recyclable rubbish.

In some areas, paper and card may still be collected with other dry recyclables, reducing the number of bins to three.

Ministers say this will provide different local authorities with the flexibility to deliver services that work best for their communities.

New rules in England mean up to 4 bins in use for households

Circular economy minister Mary Creagh said: “We are ending the bin collections postcode lottery and making it easier for people to recycle wherever they live.

“Simplifying these rules will cut out carbon, clean up our streets, and help bring pride back into our communities.

“We will continue to work hand-in-hand with local areas to deliver these changes and ensure there’s more recycled content in the products we buy.”

The new system is part of the government’s wider efforts to build a circular economy, keeping resources in use longer and reducing waste.

Previously, local authorities set their own rules around bin types and what materials could be collected, leading to a patchwork of different systems across the country.

The government now aims to standardise collections to ensure more high-quality material can be processed domestically for reuse by manufacturers to make new products.

Officials say the changes could also cut carbon emissions by reducing the amount of rubbish that gets burned.

To help councils roll out the new scheme, the government has provided £340 million in funding.


Can you get fined for putting bins out early?


How to check your local bin rules

To support some local authorities with area-specific delivery challenges, the government said additional support will be provided, such as agreed transitional arrangements, allowing a later implementation date.

Households can check how and when the new rules will apply in their area by visiting the government’s website.

Enter your postcode to check the rules for your area.

More than £78 billion has been allocated to councils in England for this financial year, including funding for introducing weekly food waste collections for all households.

The government has introduced an extended producer responsibility scheme, which requires packaging producers to cover the costs of recycling or waste management.


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Deposit return scheme coming to supermarkets in 2027

It also plans to launch a deposit return scheme in 2027.

This will see shoppers pay a small deposit when buying drinks in plastic bottles or metal cans, which they will receive back when returning the empty containers to retailers.

What do you think about the new bin rules in England? Let us know in the comments.





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Dubai based Uma Ali Sheikh avoided paying HMRC £260,000 tax

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Uma Ali Sheikh has been named and shamed by the government in a new list published by the government department.

Information is published by the agency when a person or business has made at least one deliberate default on more than £25,000, according to HMRC.

The list is updated every three months before the information is removed after a year.

READ MORE: Fears 20mph limits are ‘not being enforced properly’

Uma Ali Sheikh was investigated by HMRC and charged a penalty for either deliberate errors in his tax returns or a deliberate failure to notify a liability to tax.

The 50-year-old is listed as being a landlord based at Apt 4604, The Torch Tower, Al Sharta Street, Dubai Marina in Dubai.

HMRC says that between April 6, 2014 and April 5, 2019, he did not pay £261,252 worth of tax.

He subsequently paid a penalty worth £137,333.77.

His nationality is listed on Companies House as being British, meaning he is an expat.





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Oxford alleyway indecent exposure case shelved by police

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Thames Valley Police had been investigating a report that a man committed indecent exposure at around 3pm on August 29 in Headington.

The incident happened in Cox’s Aly near the junction of Gladstone Road.

The offender was last seen walking towards Gladstone Road and is described by police as white, slim and around 5ft 10ins tall.

He had a baggy royal blue tracksuit on – with white stripes running up the sides – and has fair hair, police said in an earlier appeal.

(Image: Newsquest)

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Police had issued an appeal at the time of the offence looking for witnesses or people with information.

However, seven months later, not enough evidence has been provided to find the culprit.

A police spokeswoman said on Monday morning (March 30): “This case has been filed, pending further information coming to light.”

Indecent exposure, a sexual offence, can see a punishment of up to six months in prison or a fine imposed by the court.

Offenders can also be put on the sex offenders register list, but in most cases this is if the victim is under 18 years of age.

Depending on its seriousness, cases can go to trial in crown court.

Police constable Edward O’Reilly previously said: “If anyone has any further information and witnessed this incident, we would also ask them to get in touch.

“If you have information, please call 101 quoting the reference 43250442508 or you can provide information on the online reporting pages.”





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